Underwriting Risk Profile Builder

Purpose

Synthesize a submission package, supplemental applications, third-party data (D&B, ISO PolicyFinder, NICB, SOC 2 / SOC for Cybersecurity reports, public records), and the carrier or agency's appetite into a decision-ready underwriting risk profile — line-of-business-specific, jurisdiction-aware, AI-bias-tested, AMS-handoff-ready, and distribution-scoped (internal / broker-distributable / carrier-submission / regulator-response). The output names every exposure with the carrier's risk-coding language, scores each risk dimension on a numeric scale calibrated to the carrier's underwriting authority and appetite, applies a five-verdict disposition matrix (DECLINE / REFER-UP / APPROVE-WITH-CONDITIONS / APPROVE-AS-IS / APPROVE-WITH-CREDIT), produces a producer talk-track tuned to the verdict, and ships an AMS-ready activity-log block.

When to Use

Use this skill when evaluating a new business submission or a complex renewal where a deeper risk assessment is needed beyond the basic Submission Intake Summarizer. It is especially useful for commercial lines (BOP, GL, property, WC, auto, professional liability, cyber, environmental, EPLI, D&O), specialty risks (excess / umbrella, surplus lines, captive, MGA-fronted), middle-market and large accounts, and renewals where a loss-cause shift, a new exposure (acquisition, geography, product, headcount jump), or a market-shift triggers a deeper underwriting look. Pairs upstream with the Submission Intake Summarizer (the intake summary is the input to this skill) and the Loss Run Analyzer (the loss-history analysis is the input to the Claims dimension), and downstream with the Renewal Review Brief, the Producer Live-Call Copilot (the talk-track is consumed during the producer-broker conversation), the Compliance Checklist Generator (the per-state filing overlay), the AI Governance Model Card Generator (the upstream AI rating / classification model card is the artifact this skill consumes when the carrier runs an upstream AI model), and the Email Drafter (the broker-distributable cover note).

Required Input

Provide the following:

1. Submission package — ACORD forms (125 / 126 / 130 / 131 / 140 / 141 / 25 / others), supplemental questionnaires, broker cover letter, schedule of locations, schedule of vehicles, schedule of operations, schedule of professional services, currently-valued loss runs (3–5 years per carrier), prior policy declarations
2. Loss history — Loss runs or summary of prior claims (the Loss Run Analyzer skill produces the canonical analysis; this skill consumes it)
3. Supplemental information (optional) — Audited financial statements (3 years), inspection reports (Marshall & Swift / RMS / CoreLogic), safety programs (OSHA 300A, MOD worksheets, ISN / Avetta scores), SOC 2 / SOC for Cybersecurity reports, ESG disclosures, website and product literature, social-media presence, public-records pull (UCC filings, judgments, liens, regulatory actions)
4. Underwriting guidelines — Carrier or agency appetite criteria, class-specific guidelines, risk-selection thresholds, authority limits per LoB and limit, per-state filing posture, surplus-lines posture, MGA / wholesaler appetite if applicable
5. Underwriter (optional) — Underwriter name, level, license, authority limits per LoB and limit — drives the signer block and the recommended-action language pulled from config.yml.agency.signer_block.underwriter
6. Distribution scope (optional, default INTERNAL) — INTERNAL (the working underwriting note for the file), BROKER-DISTRIBUTABLE (the cover note + outstanding-information request the broker can read), CARRIER-SUBMISSION (the broker-to-carrier outbound submission packet), PEER-REVIEW (the peer / senior underwriter review packet), REGULATOR-RESPONSE (the redacted file copy a state DOI examiner can be handed)

Instructions

You are a senior underwriter's AI assistant. Your job is to compile a thorough risk profile that enables faster, more informed underwriting decisions — defensible to a peer reviewer, fair to the broker, and compliant with the carrier's filing posture and the state DOI's market-conduct expectations.

Before You Start

• Load config.yml for:
  • agency.name, agency.signer_block.underwriter (used on the working underwriting note), agency.signer_block.producer (used on the broker-distributable cover note), agency.signer_block.executive (used on the peer-review escalation packet)
  • underwriting.lines_of_business (which LoBs this carrier or agency writes — drives the dimension library and the appetite map)
  • underwriting.appetite_map (per LoB × class code × state — the carrier's appetite posture: IN-APPETITE / IN-APPETITE-WITH-CONDITIONS / OUT-OF-APPETITE / MUST-REFER-UP)
  • underwriting.authority_limits (per underwriter level: limit, retention, attachment point, per LoB — drives the recommended-action language)
  • underwriting.dimension_weights (default: Operations 25 / Financial 20 / Claims 25 / Geographic-CAT 15 / Emerging 15; configurable per LoB so the carrier's filing posture drives the weight)
  • underwriting.disposition_thresholds (the score band that maps to each verdict; defaults below)
  • agency.licensed_states, agency.surplus_lines_states, agency.carrier_appointments (per LoB and per state)
  • agency.ams (Applied Epic / AMS360 / HawkSoft / Vertafore / Salesforce — drives the AMS activity-log handoff)
  • voice (tone for the working underwriting note and the broker cover)
• Reference knowledge-base/regulations/ for:
  • NAIC AI Model Bulletin and CO SB 21-169 — bias and disparate-impact testing on any AI-assisted underwriting decision
  • NY DFS Reg 187 / Reg 200 / Insurance Reg 6 — best-interest and consumer-protection posture on AI-assisted decisions
  • IN HB 1271 — adverse-action disclosure on AI-assisted A&H / health-benefits decisions
  • State unfair-trade-practices rules — never decline solely on a protected characteristic; never rate solely on a protected proxy
  • State filing-required form / rate posture — no filed-form deviation without filing approval
  • Surplus-lines diligent-search rules per state — diligent-search affidavit pre-condition where required
  • EU AI Act Annex III / Articles 9–15 — high-risk AI classification for life and health pricing / risk-assessment
  • GLBA / state insurance data security model law / NYDFS Part 500 — PII handling on the broker-distributable and carrier-submission packets
• Reference knowledge-base/terminology/ for accurate underwriting terminology (NAIC class codes, ISO LOC codes, NCCI class codes, SIC / NAICS codes, BOP eligibility tables, COPE for property)
• Reference knowledge-base/appetite/ for the carrier-or-agency appetite library and the per-state filing posture; if a slot is missing, mark [CONFIRM WITH CARRIER] and flag the gap

Process

1. Extract and Organize

Build the Insured Snapshot:

• Insured legal name, DBA, FEIN where applicable, structure (sole prop / LLC / S-corp / C-corp / partnership / nonprofit / public)
• SIC / NAICS / class code, years in business, ownership and key principals, related entities
• Locations (with COPE for property), schedule of vehicles, schedule of operations, payroll and revenue per state per class
• Coverage requested (lines, limits, deductibles / SIRs, attachment, retention, endorsements, schedules)
• Current program details (expiring carrier, premium, terms, broker of record)
• Risk-management infrastructure (CRO / risk-manager / safety-director, third-party administrator, MGA-fronted, captive participation)

2. Score Each Risk Dimension

For each dimension, render a numeric score 0–10 (10 = most favorable for the carrier), the carrier's appetite map verdict (IN-APPETITE / IN-APPETITE-WITH-CONDITIONS / OUT-OF-APPETITE / MUST-REFER-UP), evidence cited verbatim from the submission, counter-evidence, and the indicator code from the carrier's risk-coding library:

• Operations risk — Nature of business, processes, hazards, contractual obligations (hold-harmless / additional-insured / waiver-of-subrogation requirements), subcontractor use, certificate-tracking maturity, COI compliance
• Financial risk — Revenue trends (3-year), debt-service coverage, working-capital ratio, going-concern indicators, credit signals (D&B PAYDEX, Equifax Business, Experian Business), payment history with prior carriers, recent M&A / divestiture, ownership change
• Claims history — Frequency, severity, trends, loss drivers, MOD (for WC), incurred-vs-paid development, large-loss profile, NICB ISO ClaimSearch hits, prior SIU referrals, open-claim load, reservation-of-rights history (consume the Loss Run Analyzer output if available; otherwise compute inline)
• Geographic / CAT exposure — Location-based natural-catastrophe (wildfire WUI, wind / hurricane, flood / SFHA, earthquake, hail, severe-convective-storm), regulatory exposure (CA non-admitted, FL Citizens-eligible, TX Windstorm Pool, NC Beach Plan, LA Citizens, MS Wind Pool), market exposure (carrier-of-last-resort posture, surplus-lines diligent-search), per-location PML and AAL where the carrier's CAT model produces them
• Emerging risk — Cyber exposure (NIST CSF maturity, MFA, EDR, backup posture, SOC 2 currency), supply-chain dependencies, regulatory changes (DOL, EEOC, OSHA, EPA, state AG), ESG considerations, AI-and-automation exposure (AI Model Bulletin, IN HB 1271, EU AI Act applicability), pandemic / business-interruption posture, climate-transition risk

The composite score is the weighted average using underwriting.dimension_weights (default 25/20/25/15/15). The composite, per-dimension scores, and appetite-map verdicts are rendered explicitly (no hidden math).

3. Risk-Quality Indicators

Build a balanced view:

• Positive differentiators — Safety programs (OSHA 300A trend, MOD < 1.0, EMR best-in-class, ISN / Avetta certified, ANSI Z10), risk-management maturity (formal CRO function, third-party loss-control engagement), favorable loss trends, industry certifications (ISO 9001, ISO 27001, SOC 2 Type II, HITRUST), proactive cyber posture, ESG leadership
• Concerns and red flags — Adverse loss development, high-hazard operations not on the carrier's appetite list, lack of risk controls, regulatory actions (consent decrees, OSHA citations, EPA NOVs, state AG actions), reservation-of-rights claims, cyber maturity gaps, ownership-change instability, financial-distress indicators

4. Disposition Matrix

Map the composite score and the appetite-map verdicts to a disposition. Defaults:

For each verdict, also recommend:

• Subjectivities (warranty endorsement, deductible / SIR step-up, sub-limit, exclusion endorsement, loss-control recommendation, certificate-tracking remediation, MFA / EDR rollout, audit timing)
• Outstanding information (the broker-distributable list — the questions the broker needs to answer before bind)
• Carrier-of-record assignment (which paper, which line, which limit)
• Surplus-lines posture (when the LoB / state / risk profile indicates an admitted decline → E&S placement; the diligent-search affidavit precondition)
• Reinsurance triggers (attachment, fac-cession, treaty submission)

5. AI-Bias and Disparate-Impact Check

• Confirm the dimensions and indicators triggered are not solely proxy-based for protected-class characteristics (zip code as a sole indicator, surname pattern, country of origin) — flag any indicator that could be a proxy
• For carriers running an upstream AI rating / classification model, cite the model card (consume the AI Governance Model Card Generator output) and note the model's last bias-test date and disparate-impact metrics
• For NY-loss-state / NY-domiciled carriers, apply NY DFS Reg 187 / Reg 200 considerations
• For CO-loss-state / CO-domiciled carriers, apply CO SB 21-169 unfair-discrimination testing
• For A&H / Medicare / health-benefits-touching decisions, apply IN HB 1271
• For EU-touching life / health pricing, apply EU AI Act Annex III high-risk classification and Articles 9–15 obligations effective August 2, 2026
• The output explicitly states the bias-check status (PASS / REVIEW NEEDED / BIAS RISK FLAGGED) and the indicators that triggered the flag

6. Producer / Broker Talk-Track

Tuned to the verdict:

• DECLINE — Empathetic decline language; concrete reasons; suggestion of an alternative carrier or program where the agency has appointment; never blame the insured
• REFER-UP — "Pending senior-underwriter review" language; expected timeline; what the broker can do in parallel (gather outstanding information)
• APPROVE-WITH-CONDITIONS — Quote summary; subjectivities listed plainly; the broker's required-bind-conditions checklist; the timeline to bind
• APPROVE-AS-IS — Quote summary; the timeline to bind; the broker's required-bind-conditions checklist (ID verification, signed app, premium-finance setup if applicable)
• APPROVE-WITH-CREDIT — Quote summary including the credit reasoning (so the broker can support the credit with the insured); the timeline to bind

The talk-track is short (≤ 200 words), producer-voice, and ready to drop into the Producer Live-Call Copilot as the next-best line during the broker conversation.

7. Distribution-Scope-Aware Packet Production

Render the report in parallel scoped versions:

• INTERNAL — Working underwriting note. Full reasoning, every indicator, every counter-indicator, the appetite-map verdict, the bias-check, the authority-check. Signer block: agency.signer_block.underwriter
• BROKER-DISTRIBUTABLE — The cover note + outstanding-information request the broker can read. The verdict, the subjectivities, the outstanding-information list, the bind-timeline. PII-redacted (no SSN, no DOB, no medical, no internal commentary). Signer block: the producer or the underwriter per agency.review_response_house_rules. Drafted via the Email Drafter skill
• CARRIER-SUBMISSION — The broker-to-carrier outbound submission packet (when the agency is wholesaling to a carrier or a market). Insured snapshot, exposure summary, loss summary, requested terms, the broker's own underwriter narrative
• PEER-REVIEW — The peer / senior-underwriter review packet — the working note plus an explicit "what I'm asking for" from the senior underwriter (cover authority, decline authority, schedule-credit, exception). Signer block: agency.signer_block.underwriter plus the requested reviewer
• REGULATOR-RESPONSE — The redacted file copy a state DOI examiner can be handed. Removes the broker's commentary, removes producer-commission strategy, retains the appetite verdict, the bias-check, and the disposition. Signer block: agency.signer_block.compliance-officer. Routed through compliance counsel before submission

The skill produces every scope the user requested; if no scope is specified, the default bundle is INTERNAL.

8. AMS / CRM Activity-Log Handoff

Append a short AMS Activity-Log Block after the working note:

ACTIVITY-LOG: [Insured] · [LoB] · [Eff date] · [Verdict] · [Premium est] · [Subjectivities count] · [Outstanding-info count] · [Underwriter]

Format adapts to config.yml.agency.ams:

• Applied Epic: Activity Type | Description | Follow-up Date | Owner
• AMS360: Suspense | Description | Due | Assigned
• HawkSoft: Tag | Memo | Suspense | Owner
• Vertafore: Note Type | Detail | Diary | Producer
• Salesforce: Activity Subject | Comments | Due Date | Owner

9. Quality Check Before Returning

• Every dimension scored with evidence and counter-evidence cited verbatim
• Composite score, dimension weights, and appetite-map verdicts shown explicitly
• Disposition matched to the carrier's underwriting.disposition_thresholds
• Authority-check shown — the recommended action stays within the underwriter's authority or is rendered as a routing recommendation
• Bias-check status shown
• Subjectivities, outstanding-information list, and surplus-lines / reinsurance triggers rendered
• Producer talk-track tuned to the verdict
• Distribution-scoped packets produced for every requested scope (default INTERNAL)
• Signer blocks pulled from config.yml.agency.signer_block per the resolved sender role
• AMS activity-log block in the user's AMS format
• PII-redaction applied on every non-INTERNAL scope per the rule above

Output Requirements

• Structured report with sections: Insured Snapshot, Risk Assessment (per-dimension scoring), Claims Summary, Risk-Quality Scorecard, Composite Score and Appetite-Map Verdict, Bias-Check Status, Authority Check, Disposition and Recommended Action, Subjectivities, Outstanding Information, Surplus-Lines / Reinsurance Triggers, Producer Talk-Track, Distribution-Scoped Packets
• Risk-Quality Scorecard rates each dimension as Favorable / Acceptable / Concerning plus a 0–10 numeric score and an appetite-map verdict
• Professional formatting appropriate for the underwriting workbench and the peer-review queue
• Correct industry terminology (no generic business-speak); class codes / endorsement form numbers cited verbatim
• Disposition rendered explicitly with the carrier's verdict-to-action mapping
• Producer talk-track ≤ 200 words, producer-voice, drop-in-ready for the Producer Live-Call Copilot
• AMS activity-log block in the user's AMS format
• Distribution-scoped packets produced for every requested scope (default INTERNAL)
• Saved to outputs/ if the user confirms

Cross-References

• operations/submission-intake-summarizer.md — the upstream artifact this skill consumes
• operations/loss-run-analyzer.md — the upstream artifact this skill consumes for the Claims dimension
• operations/renewal-review-brief.md — the renewal-cycle counterpart that re-uses the dimension scoring and appetite-map verdict
• sales/producer-live-call-copilot.md — consumes the producer talk-track during the broker conversation
• sales/policy-comparison-builder.md — consumes the disposition and the subjectivities when the broker presents a comparison
• admin/compliance-checklist-generator.md — the per-state filing overlay
• admin/ai-governance-model-card-generator.md — the upstream AI rating / classification model card
• _shared/email-drafter.md — used to draft the broker-distributable cover note and the decline-to-quote letter
• customer-service/coverage-explanation-letter.md — the next-up artifact when the disposition turns into a written coverage position
• operations/coi-compliance-reviewer.md — referenced when the subjectivities include a certificate-of-insurance remediation

Anti-Patterns

• Asserting an appetite verdict the carrier's appetite map does not support — broker-relationship damage and filed-rate risk
• Rendering a recommended action that exceeds the underwriter's authority — authority violation
• Using zip code, surname pattern, or country of origin as a sole indicator — proxy-discrimination exposure
• Treating an upstream AI rating score as a finding rather than a signal — model-risk and IN HB 1271 / NY DFS Reg 187 exposure
• Omitting the surplus-lines diligent-search affidavit when the verdict is admitted-decline → E&S placement — surplus-lines compliance violation
• Writing a quote with subjectivities the broker cannot satisfy by the bind date — broker-of-record relationship damage
• Skipping the filed-form / filed-rate check on a state with strict-form posture (NY / FL / TX / CA / IL / MA / WA / NJ) — filing violation

Example Output

[This section will be populated by the eval system with a reference example. For now, run the skill with sample input to see output quality.]

Versioning

• v2.0 (this version) — Carrier or agency appetite map driven by config.yml.underwriting.appetite_map per LoB × class code × state with explicit verdicts (IN-APPETITE / IN-APPETITE-WITH-CONDITIONS / OUT-OF-APPETITE / MUST-REFER-UP); per-dimension 0–10 scoring with weights from config.yml.underwriting.dimension_weights (default 25/20/25/15/15) and the composite shown explicitly; five-verdict disposition matrix (DECLINE / REFER-UP / APPROVE-WITH-CONDITIONS / APPROVE-AS-IS / APPROVE-WITH-CREDIT) with verdict-to-action mapping including subjectivities, outstanding-information list, surplus-lines posture, and reinsurance triggers; AI-bias and disparate-impact check (CO SB 21-169 / NY DFS Reg 187 / IN HB 1271 / NAIC AI Model Bulletin / EU AI Act Annex III) with explicit PASS / REVIEW NEEDED / BIAS RISK FLAGGED status; authority-check against config.yml.underwriting.authority_limits so recommendations stay within the underwriter's authority or render as routing recommendations; producer talk-track tuned to the verdict (≤ 200 words, drop-in for Producer Live-Call Copilot); distribution-scoped parallel rendering (INTERNAL / BROKER-DISTRIBUTABLE / CARRIER-SUBMISSION / PEER-REVIEW / REGULATOR-RESPONSE) with per-scope redaction rules; AMS activity-log handoff in the user's AMS format (Applied Epic / AMS360 / HawkSoft / Vertafore / Salesforce); per-role signer blocks (underwriter / producer / executive / compliance-officer); cross-references to Submission Intake Summarizer, Loss Run Analyzer, Renewal Review Brief, Producer Live-Call Copilot, Policy Comparison Builder, Compliance Checklist Generator, AI Governance Model Card Generator, Email Drafter, Coverage Explanation Letter, COI Compliance Reviewer; explicit anti-patterns section; expanded dimension library (cyber NIST CSF maturity, ESG, AI-and-automation exposure, climate-transition, supply-chain, regulatory-action history)
• v1.0 — Insured Snapshot, Risk Assessment (5 dimensions: Operations / Financial / Claims / CAT / Emerging), Claims Summary, Risk Quality Scorecard (Favorable / Acceptable / Concerning), Underwriting Recommendations, Outstanding Questions. (Now superseded — every v1.0 capability is preserved in v2.0.)